Let's take a look at their definition
The reasoning is how we form inferences about the world, while inference is a conclusion drawn from true or assumed-true facts.
Reasoning
There are different types of reasoning, which have different advantages.
- Deduction: a general-to-specific form of reasoning that goes from known truths to specific instances. If the hypotheses of a deduction are true and the reasoning is correct, then the conclusion is guaranteed to be true.
- Inductive reasoning: a specific-to-general form of reasoning that tries to make generalizations based on specific instances. Inductive reasoning can lead to erroneous conclusions.
- Abductive reasoning: a specific-to-general form of reasoning that specifically looks at cause and effect. Abductive reasoning is based on creating and testing hypotheses using the best information available. It does not guarantee a 100% correctness.